American composer and conductor, born in Somerville, Mass. He conducted much American music and was founder of the National Association for American Composer and Conductors. He was a prolific composer whose most conspicuous characteristic was an expert orchestral sense. His vigorous musical style was deeply indebted to late 19th-century German romanticism but lacked individuality. His works include five symphonies, tone poems, and choral and chamber music.
Town of west-central Israel, on the Haifa-Tel Aviv highway. The name Hadera (Arab., “green”) referred to the wild weeds that covered the marshes before Zionist pioneers reclaimed them in 1891; the name is still appropriate, for Hadera is surrounded by a belt of citrus groves. Hadera also has an industrial quarter. The site of the ancient seaport Caesarea is nearby.
Residential borough of southern New Jersey, a suburb southeast of Camden. It was named after Elizabeth Haddon, young Quaker maiden, who settled the site for her father in the 17th century. The story of her marriage proposal to the Quaker missionary John Estaugh is told by Hendry Wadsworth Longfellow in his Tales of a Wayside Inn. Indian King Tavern (1750) was the site of the first meeting of the legislature in 1777, at which New Jersey was declared a state and the state seal was adopted.
The haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus, is an Atlantic member of the cod family, Gadidae, and is similar to but smaller than the Atlantic cod. A record haddock weighed 37 lb. Haddock live in deeper water then cod; few are caught in less than 5 to 10 fathoms (30 to 60 ft), and most are taken at 25 to 75 fathoms (150 to 450 ft). Like the cod, the haddock is a cold-water fish, and occurs south to New York and New Jersey in the winter. Haddock are bottom feeders, devouring all kinds of invertebrates indiscriminately. It is the most important food fish taken from Atlantic waters.
Royal Burgh of Scotland, seat of East Lothian County. The tower of its Church of St. Mary is called the “Lamp of Lothian”. John Knox, leader of the Scottish Protestant Reformation, was born here (1505).
Women’s Zionist Organization of America, founded in 1912 by Henrietta Szold. The name is the Babylonian name of Queen Esther (Esther 2:7). The purpose of the organization in America is to make known and foster Jewish ideals and culture, and in Israel to establish hospitals, schools, visiting nurse associations, and other welfare agencies. It consists of more than 1,200 chapters and has a membership of over 300,000.
Metropolitan borough of London, England, north of the Thames River. The Hackney Marshes, where evidence of Roman settlement have appeared, were a noted hideout for 18th-century highwaymen once a fashionable residential district, Hackney is now highly industrialized.
Town of northwestern New Jersey, on the Musconetcong River, 14 mi. west of Dover. The leading manufactured products are machinery, synthetic rubber, clothing, candy and leather goods. Centenary College for Women (estab., 1867) and the New Jersey State Fish Hatchery, one of the world’s largest, are here. Originally a port on the Morris Canal, known as Helm’s Mills, it became Hackettstown about 1750 in honor of Samuel Hackett, a leading landowner. Hackettstown was a leading production center for carriages and wagons in the 1880’s.
Family of American actors. JAMES HENRY HACKETT (1800-71) gained fame through his portrayals of early American characters, including the fictional Rip Van Winkle. He was important historically for his encouragement of pioneer U.S. dramatists and his position as the first U.S. actor to appear as a star in London (1833). His son, JAMES KETELTAS HACKETT (1869-1926), was also a prominent actor who specialized in romantic drama, notably The Prisoner of Zenda.
Industrial city of northeastern New Jersey and seat of Bergen County, at the head of navigation on the Hackensack River. The city is a trade center and has printing plants. Industrial products include pumps, paper, metal goods, clothing, petroleum products, and aluminum wares.
Settled as New Barbados in 1674, with the establishment of a Dutch trading post, the city was not officially renamed Hackensack until 1921. Many skirmishes occurred here during the Revolutionary War. The Mansion House (1751) was for a time Gen. George Washington’s headquarters in 1776. It is now a museum.
Name for approximately 70 species of the dinum-sized trees of the genus Celtis in the elm family, Ulmacea. Hackberry trees are widely distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. The trees range in height from 20 ft. to over 100 ft. and bear small, hard, inedible fruits that are greenish or purplish in color. Common North American species are C. laevigata, the sugarberry, and C. occidentalis, the common hackberry.
City of Japan located on Honshu island 25 mi.west of Tokyo. It is a rail and manufacturing center and has been famous for two centuries for its weaving industries. Although the specialty is silk fabrics, the city also produces other textiles, along with machinery and sake.
City of Aomori Prefecture on the northern Pacific coast of Honshu, Japan, 445mi.south-east of the city of Aomori. Formerly a castle town, it is now one of Japan’s most important fishing ports and fish processing centers. Hachinohe also produces iron, machinery, ships, cement, and chemicals.
Czechoslovak politician. When the need after the Munich Treaty (1983) to replace President Eduard Benes of Czechoslovakia with a conservative, noncontroversial personality acceptable to German dictator Adolf Hitler, Hacha reluctantly switched from the presidency of te Supreme Administrative Court to the presidency of the Republic. On March 15, 1939, yielding to Nazi threats, Hacha placed the Czechoslovak people under the “protection” of Hitler, who retained him as president of the protectorate of Bohemia-Moravia. After the war Hacha, broken physically and mentally, died while awaiting trial for high treason.
German royal dynasty. It derived from a Swiss noble family that assumed the title of count in the late 11th century and acquired extensive possessions in northern Switzerland, Alsace, and Baden in the following two centuries. Count Rudolf of Habsburg was elected Holy Roman Emperor in 1237 as Rudolf I (q.v) and acquired Austria and Styria during his reign. Read the rest of this entry »
