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Czechoslovak politician. When the need after the Munich Treaty (1983) to replace President Eduard Benes of Czechoslovakia with a conservative, noncontroversial personality acceptable to German dictator Adolf Hitler, Hacha reluctantly switched from the presidency of te Supreme Administrative Court to the presidency of the Republic. On March 15, 1939, yielding to Nazi threats, Hacha placed the Czechoslovak people under the “protection” of Hitler, who retained him as president of the protectorate of Bohemia-Moravia. After the war Hacha, broken physically and mentally, died while awaiting trial for high treason.
King of Norway (1905 – 1957). As Prince Karl of Denmark, he accepted an invitation to assume the throne of Norway after the dissolution of the union with Sweden in 1905. A democratic monarch of simple tastes, he carefully observed both the letter and the spirit of the Norwegian constitution. His severest test came in his 68th year when, in Apr., 1940, Nazi Germany invaded his country. He fled to the far north and on June 7 finally left Norway on a British cruiser to establish a government in exile in London. He became a rallying point for the Norwegian resistance, refusing to abdicate at the request of the puppet regime in Oslo. He returned in 1945 amid scenes of national rejoicing. At the time of his death he was the world’s oldest reigning monarch.
